Acute Effects of Intravenous Heroin on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Response: A Controlled Trial.
Heroin administration reduces craving, withdrawal, and anxiety levels
and leads to significant decreases in ACTH and cortisol concentrations
(P < 0.01).
After heroin administration, cortisol concentrations did
not differ from healthy controls, and ACTH levels were significantly
lower (P < 0.01).
In contrast, when patients receive saline, all
hormone levels were significantly higher in patients than in healthy
controls (P < 0.01).
Heroin-dependent patients showed a normalized HPA
axis response compared to healthy controls when they receive their
regular heroin dose.
These findings indicate that regular opioid
administration protects addicts from stress and underscore the clinical
significance of heroin-assisted treatment for heroin-dependent patients.
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